Complete solutions for municipal solid waste
Currently, there are three main methods of handling municipal solid waste worldwide: landfilling, composting, and incineration. The choice of treatment method varies depending on national conditions and the composition of the waste.
Composting is a biochemical process that breaks down organic matter in waste through the action of microorganisms. However, materials such as stones and metals—which cannot be decomposed by microorganisms—must be removed from the waste prior to treatment. Moreover, composting requires a long processing cycle and substantial land area, which limits its rapid development. In the past, many countries managed solid waste primarily through landfilling; yet this approach not only consumes vast amounts of land but also leads to contamination of groundwater, soil, and the atmosphere. At the same time, valuable materials and energy are often not fully recovered or recycled. By contrast, incineration fully aligns with the principles of harmlessness, waste reduction, and resource recycling. Consequently, landfilling has gradually been replaced by incineration.
After incineration, the waste is reduced to ash and discharged directly from the discharge outlet into the ash cooler. Following cooling, the ash is conveyed to the ash handling facility, where it can be utilized for various applications, such as brick manufacturing. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator heats a heat-exchange surface to produce superheated steam, which is then routed to the steam turbine for power generation. After passing through the heat recovery boiler, the flue gas enters the flue-gas purification system, which consists of a reaction tower, a bag filter, an induced-draft fan, and a flue stack. The flue gas is released into the atmosphere only after the particulate matter and harmful constituents have been reduced to meet environmental protection standards.
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