Complete solution of municipal wastewater
Municipal wastewater primarily comprises domestic wastewater and moderately polluted industrial wastewater generated by households, government agencies, commercial establishments, and urban public facilities. The volume of such wastewater is substantial, with marked diurnal and seasonal variations. The principal pollutants include animal and vegetable oils, suspended solids, carbohydrates, proteins, surfactants, nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing compounds, and microorganisms. In general, these organic pollutants are readily biodegradable, with a BOD/COD ratio typically ranging from 0.5 to 0.6. Moreover, the wastewater contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients, providing an optimal growth environment for microorganisms.
Municipal wastewater is primarily treated using biochemical processes, such as the activated sludge process, biofilm processes, biological filters, and oxidation ditches. The treatment system typically comprises a pretreatment unit, multi-stage aerated biological tanks, and a post-treatment unit. A typical process flow is as follows: coarse screening → fine screening → grit chamber → anoxic tank → aerobic tank → secondary sedimentation tank → advanced treatment → disinfection tank → effluent discharge. However, this process faces several technical challenges, including high capital investment, elevated operating costs, substantial energy consumption, complex operational management, a tendency for sludge bulking, and difficulty in achieving compliance with standards for nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients.
Developed by BODA, the membrane bioreactor (MBR) is a novel wastewater treatment technology that integrates efficient membrane separation with the activated sludge process. It is suitable for treating municipal and industrial wastewater with high organic content. MBR enables the activated sludge to achieve a higher mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentration and prolongs its residence time in the reactor, thereby enhancing nitrogen removal and organic matter degradation. At the same time, MBR replaces the conventional sedimentation process with a membrane-based solid–liquid separation step, which effectively removes suspended solids and organic particles and produces sterile effluent.
Compared to the traditional process, MBR possesses the following advantages:
(1) It can save 50% of land area, and the capital expenditure is lower;
(2) High sludge concentration (10 g/L) and longer sludge retention time (≥30 days).
(3) Stable produced water quality for different influent;
(4) Reduced sludge production, which lowers the cost of subsequent sludge treatment;
(5) Lower energy consumption, easier operation, lower operating costs
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